Doruva Glossary

SEO, GEO, web and software glossary

Clear, example-led definitions of the concepts that come up in digital work — from search engines to AI answers, from interface design to software architecture — kept consistent with primary sources.

479 terms · 8 categories

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Fundamental terms

AI VisibilityAI visibility describes how often a brand is mentioned, how accurately it is described and whether it is cited as a source in answers from AI-powered systems such as ChatGPT search, Google AI Overviews and AI Mode, Perplexity or Claude. Because these answers vary from one run to the next, it is measured by repeatedly sampling a set of prompts rather than by a single ranking.Read the definition →
APIAn API (Application Programming Interface) is a defined set of rules that lets one piece of software use the functions or data of another. It acts as a contract: it specifies which operations can be called, what parameters they take, what responses and errors come back, and in which format. Because only the interface is shared, systems such as a web shop and a payment provider can work together without knowing each other's internals.Read the definition →
Canonical URLA canonical URL is the address a site marks as the preferred version of a page when the same or very similar content is reachable at several URLs. It is usually declared with a rel=canonical link element in the page head, an HTTP Link header, a permanent redirect or sitemap inclusion. Google treats the declaration as a strong signal, not a binding directive.Read the definition →
Core Web VitalsCore Web Vitals are a set of three metrics Google defines to measure real-world user experience on a web page: Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) for loading, Interaction to Next Paint (INP) for responsiveness and Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) for visual stability. A page meets the 'good' thresholds when, at the 75th percentile of visits, LCP is 2.5 seconds or less, INP is 200 milliseconds or less and CLS is 0.1 or less.Read the definition →
CrawlingCrawling is the process by which search engines and other automated systems use programs called crawlers (also bots or spiders) to discover web pages and download their content. Google's crawler, Googlebot, finds new URLs by following links on pages it already knows and by reading submitted sitemaps; crawled pages are then processed for possible indexing.Read the definition →
EntityAn entity is something that search engines and AI systems recognize as a single, distinguishable thing: a person, company, product, place or concept. Entities are identified by their identity and attributes rather than by the words used to name them. Consistent naming, structured data and sameAs links help systems merge different spellings into one entity and keep similarly named entities apart.Read the definition →
GEO (Generative Engine Optimization)Generative Engine Optimization (GEO) is the practice of helping a brand and its content be understood correctly, mentioned and cited as a source in answers produced by AI-powered search and answer systems. It builds on SEO fundamentals such as crawlability and indexing, and focuses on clarity, consistent entity information and quotable content. No technique can guarantee inclusion in AI-generated answers.Read the definition →
HreflangHreflang is an HTML attribute that tells search engines about the versions of a page written for other languages or regions. It is added with rel=alternate link elements, HTTP headers or an XML sitemap, and Google uses it to show each user the URL that best matches their language and location. Annotations must be reciprocal, and an x-default value can define a fallback.Read the definition →

SEO, GEO, web and software glossary

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Fundamental terms

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